China Medical System Holdings Limited announced that on 22 April 2024, the New Drug Application (NDA) of Desidustat Tablets has been accepted by the National Medical Products Administration of China (NMPA). The Product is a novel, oral Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor (HIF-PHI) for treating anaemia in non-dialysis adult, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients. CKD involves the gradual loss of functioning of kidneys and eventually leads to kidney failure.

If kidneys are healthy, they will naturally secrete beneficial levels of a hormone called Erythropoietin (EPO), which encourages red blood cell production. If the kidneys are impaired, they will produce reduced levels or tire of EPO production completely, leading to anaemia. HIF-PHI promotes erythropoiesis through increasing endogenous erythropoietin, improving iron availability and reducing hepcidin.

It is estimated that more than 120 million people are living with CKD in China. Anaemia is one of the frequent complications of CKD. A survey in China showed that the prevalence of anaemia in patients at CKD stage 1 to 5 were 22.0%, 37.0%, 45.4%, 85.1%, and 98.2%, respectively.

The target-achieving rate (the haemoglobin (Hb) level reaching the target value (110~120g /L)) was only 8.2% for anaemia patients in non-dialysis CKD and 35.2% for haemodialysis CKD, showing a large unmet healthcare need. China Phase III trial of the Product has demonstrated positive results. The primary endpoint of the Hb mean change from baseline to the period of Week 7-9 has indicated that, Desidustat is more effective than placebo in increasing Hb level.

The least squares mean and 95% CI of Hb change from baseline to the period of Week 7-9, using covariance model analysis, has shown an increase of 16.38 g/l [95% CI: 14.50, 18.26] in the Desidustat group and a decrease of 1.13 g/l [95% CI: -3.68, 1.41] in the placebo group, for a between-group difference of 17.52 g/l [95% GI:14.353, 20.681], with the lower limit of 95% CI above 0. The Product is administrated orally, thus expecting to improve the treatment compliance of patients and to meet the unmet treatment needs in the field of CKD anaemia, including both dialysis and non-dialysis patients. Desidustat Tablets have been approved for marketing in India.